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Apr. 10, 1923.

' G; D. SUNDSTRAND HEATER Filed Apr. 5, 1920 Patented Apr. 10, 1923.

ENGINEERING COMPANY, OF ROCKFORD,

ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

HEATER.

Application filed April 5,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GUsrAr DAVID SUND- STRAND, a citizen of the United States, residing at Rockford, in the county of Winnebago and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heaters, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to heating devices and more specifically to an improved body or stove particularly adapted for use in connection with liquid fuel burners.

One of the objects of my invention is to form the entire stove from a single casting' having no joints to work loose.

Another object is to provide such a stove which may be conveniently set in a tank or water container such as a bath tub or water trough to warm water contained therein.

Another object is to provide easily removable means for adjusting the stove to operate under different draughts.

Another object is to provide advantageous means for supporting the liquid fuel burner in the stove.

Further objects and advantages of my invention will become apparent as the description proceeds.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of a stove embodying the principles of my invention with the cover and baffle plate removed. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same stove and Fig. 3 is a detail section on line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

In the embodiment of my invention selected for illustration, the stove comprises a main heating body 10 which I have illustrated as rectangular, having a lateral opening into a curved portion 11 terminating in an upwardly extending flange 12 adapted to cooperate with a Stovepipe or other suitable air duct for leading away the products of combustion.

The air necessary for combustion enters a vertical duct or intake 14 and passes hori-. zontally through a passageway 15 at the bottom of the device into the body of the stove, surrounding the burner 16 and feeding the flame. A plurality of braces 18 eX- tend from adjacent walls of the intake 14 and body 10 to brace the intake to the body and forms a rigid integral unit. An enlarged base 19 preferably cast on the lower end or the unit and projecting lugs 20 are provided near the top substantially 1920. Serial No. 371,433.

vertically above the center of gravity of the device for ease in carrying or handling the same. is openand may be closed by any suitable cover such as that illustrated at. 21, which may merely provide additional radiating surface andclose the upper end of the body The upper end of the body 10.

or maybe adapted to support a cooking utensil.

It will be noted that the upwardly extending flange 12, the body 10 and the in take 14; all terminate at substantiallythe same level so that the entire device may be immersed in any fluid it is desired to heat, substantially up to the top of the body,

so that practically the entire heating surface of the body will be immersed in' the fluid.

The means I have illustrated for adjusting the stove to operate on different draughts and forreadily controlling. the same comprise lugs 22 in this instance three, adapted to support a baffle plate 23 in an inclined position to retard the circulation of gases through the heater and confine the flame to the body of the stove allowing the completely burnt gases to flow up at the side of the body opposite the discharge opening and across above the bafiie to be delivered to the stove pipe when one is used. It will be obvious that baflies of various sizes and contours adapted to produce varying retarding effects can merely.

be laid in place to adjust the stove for the conditions under which it is required to operate.

The burner I have illustrated is preferably cast in two parts, the lower portion comprising a pan 22 and a duct 24 terminating in an approximately centrally lo-- cated nozzlev 25 which is illustrated as com.- prising an upwardly directed tube 26 and a nipple 28. An aperture at the elbow of the duct 24': is normally closedby a plug 29 which may beremoved if. desired to clean the duct. The upper portion comprises a reservoir having va downwardly concave bottom 30 otapproximately spherical shape duct 33 is formed by a rib 32 in theupper wall of the casing which emerges into a downwardly directed tubular portion 34. The upper and lower halve f the burner are preferably united by a pipe nipple 35 threaded into'the vertically extending portions of the ducts 24 and 33. The upper duct is preferably also provided with a cleaning hole which is closed by a plug 36. A supply tube 38 is adapted to deliver liquid fuel to the casing.

To support the burner in the stove I provide an aperture 39 in one of the braces 18 through which the supply tube 38 extends and in which it is rigidly clamped in position by suitable clamping means such as set screws 40. The supply tube therefore supports the burner. The dimensions of the burner and stove are such that the burner may be unscrewed from the end of the supply tube without moving the supply tube, as the pan 22 will just clear the side walls of the body 10 when the burner is rotated to unscrew-it. The burner may thus be readily removed from the stove and the plugs 29 and 36 removed for cleaning purposes or the two halves may be even be screwed off the nipple 35 for easier accessto the interior of the ducts.

A pair. of apertured lugs 41 are integrally formed on the walls of the air inlet duct and at least one of them carries a set screw 42 to clamp a vertical rod 44 supported by the lugs against sliding movement The rod 44 may support a suitable container 45 for liquid fuel which is similarly mounted on the rod by apertured lugs 46 and a set screw 48. A valve 49 at the lower end of the receptacle 45 communicates with tubing 50 which conveys the fluid to a second valve 51. at the upper end of a vertical pipe 52 extending down inside the intake 14 for connection to the supply pipe 38. The tubing'50 is preferably flexible so that the container may be located at any desired height, and the flow of fuel to the burner may be controlled by either of the valves 49 and 51. The tube 38 is preferably set at a slight upward angle to prevent bubbles of gas from entering tube 52, which would make the delivery of fuel irregular.

The operation of my device is as follows: With the stove in place either in a room which it is desired to heat or suitably immersed in fluid. the valves are operated to allow liquid fuel to fill the burner and flow out through the nipple 2'8 filling, or partially filling. the pan 22.

The amount of fluid in the burner duringthis operation will only be that necessary to cover the bottom 30 to the level of the wall 31 and till the horizontal portion of the duct 24, as the remaining space will ,be filled with air or gas which lie trapped and cannot escape. The fuel in the pan is then ignited, the baffle plate 23 laid in place and the cover 21. positioned on top of the body l0. As soon as the heat developed has warmed the burner to a temperature above the volatilization temperature of the fuel employed, the conditionallustrated in Fig. 2 will be attained in which the bottom 30 of the upper casing is cov ered with liquid fuel which is continuously volatilized by the heat of combustion and passes in a gaseous condition through the ducts and 24 and out at the nipple 28. i

The spherical bottom of the casing is ex posed to the direct action of the flame coming from the nipple but it is always covered with a layer of unevaporated fuel which keeps the temperature from rising to such a point that the metal itself would melt or burn. It is impossible to expose the bottom 30 for any length of time to the action of the flame without keeping it covered with liquid fuel, as after shutting off the supply of fuel, the liquid above the bottom would soon be evaporated and no more gaseous fuel would be generated to flow from the nipple 28.

The flame from the nipple flows out in all directions from under the upper casing and in a properly designed unit the entire space below the baffle plate 23 may, if desired. be completely filled with a relatively slowly movinp; flame. Such a rate of combustion, however. would melt the entire stove in a very short time unless it were immersed in fluid. and for ordinary heating purposes only a relatively small portion of this space need be filled with. flame to provide all the heat desired.

It will be seen that I have provided a practically one-piece stove of very cheap and rugged construction adapted to ooerate efficiently either in heating the air in a room or the water in a tank or container. and that I have provided a burner adapted to deliver a suitable flame for heating the stove.

In my copendinp; application Serial No. 617.857. filed February 8, 1923, I have claimed the novel features of the burner hereinbefore illustrated and described.

lVhile T have illustrated and described in detail the preferred embodiment of my in vention v it should be clearly understood that the disclosure is merely for purposes of illustration and that many modifications and variations will naturally occur to those skilled in the art. I aim in the subjoined claims to cover all such legitimate variations and modifications.

I claim as my invention:

1. A heater of the class described comprising a base, a combustion chamber and an intake tube cast integrally with said base and risingtherefrom in spaced relation with the lower end of said tube communicating with the lower end of said chamber, a fuel supply tank mounted above said tube. a supply duct leading downwardly from said tank to said tube and having a portion extending laterally from the tube into said chamber, means for rigidly securing said laterally extending portion against movement, a burner mounted upon the inner end of said horizontal portion of the supply duct so as to be supported thereby, and an outlet duct leading from the upper end of said chamber.

2. A heater of the class described comprising, in combination, a combustion chamher having an air inlet opening at its lower end, means forsupplying air to said opening, an outlet duct leading from the upper portion of said chamber, a liquid fuel burner, means for supplying fuel to said burner, said burner embodying a discharge orifice and a baiiie immediately above said orifice to deflect the flame upwardly and outwardly toward the sides of the chamber, and a bafiie plate mounted in said chamber between said burner and the outlet duct to cause the hot gases of combustion to contact the walls of the chamber before their escape through said duct.

3. A heater of the class described comprising, in combination, a combustion chamberand a vertical intake communicating at its lower end with the lower portion of said chamber, said chamber having at its upper end an outlet duct leading from one side thereof and extending upwardly so that its upper end lies substantially in the plane of the upper end of said chamber, a cover removably closing the upper end of said chamber, a burner, fuel supply means for said burner including a' substantially horizontal pipe mounted in one wall of the chamber and having a burner removably mounted upon its inner end, said pipe providing the sole support for said burner. and a bame plate removably mounted in the upper portion of said chamber.

4. In a heater of the class described, the combination of a combustion chamber having an air inlet opening at its lower end and an outlet opening at its upper end, a vertical intake duct having its lower end communicating with said opening, and a liquid fuel burner mountedin the lower end of said chamber and comprising an evaporating pan adapted to receive a supply of fuel, and a discharge nozzle located below said pan so that the latter constitutes a deflector causing the flame to pass in an outward and upward direction toward the side walls of the chamber.

5. In. a heater of the class described, the combination of a combustion chamber having an inlet opening at its lower end and an. outlet opening at its upper end, and a burner mounted in the lower end of said chamber comprising an evaporating pan of substantial diameter, means for supplying liquid fuel to said pan, and a discharge nozzle disposed belowsaicl pan and adapted a supporting member and fuel supply pipe to receive gaseous fuel from the pan,said pan constituting a deflector for causing the flame to pass upwardly and outwardly toward the walls of the chamber;

6. A heater of the class described comprising, incombination, a tubular combustion chamber having an inlet opening at its lower end and an outlet opening at its upper into a portion of the burner, the parts of said burner being arranged so as to be capable of being turned with respect to said member without restriction by the walls of said chamber, for the purposes of removal.

7. In a device of the class described, a tubular combustion chamber, a vertical in- QO take duct adapted to deliver air to the bottom of said combustion chamber, braces between said duct and said combustion ohamher one of said braces being apertured, and a supply pipe extending from said intake through the aperture into said combustion chamber, and a burner supported'on the end of said supply pipe.

8. A stove having, in combination, a tubular combustion chamber, a discharge opening laterally from the upper portion'of one side wall of said chamber and .a' removable baffie plate having oneedge adjacent said wall below said discharge opening and inclined upwardly therefrom.

9. A stove having, incombination, a tubular intake and a tubular combustion chamber, braces uniting said intake and combustion chamber into a unitary structure, and

extending from said intake into said chamber, one of said braces being apertured for the passage of said support and supply pipe.

10. A stove having, in combination, a tubular intake and a tubular combustion chamber having their upper ends approximately at thesame level, and lugs adapted to receive an upwardly extending tank-supporting rod projecting from the walls of said intake.

11. A stove having, in combination, a base,

an intake and a combustion chamber extending upwardly from said base and in spaced relation, a fuel supply conduit extending down said intake and then horizontally into said chamber, and clamping means engaging the horizontal portion of said conduit between the intake and the chamber to clamp it in position.

12. A stove having, in combination, a 130 said tube in place in said aperture.

13. A stove having, in combination, a combustion chamber, a burner in said cham her, an apertured projectionon one wall of said chamber, a supply tube entering said aperture to deliver fuel to said burner and extending standard, a fuel container support the same, and means for clamping said tube in place in said aperture, said aperture having a cross section in the shape of a square set on one corner.

14. A stove having, in combination, a combustion chamber, a burner in said chamber, an apertured projection on one wall of said chamber, a supply tube entering said aperture to deliver fuel to said burner and support the same, and means for clamping said tube in place in said aperture, one side of said aperture forming a V-shaped groove opening horizontally, and set screws entering. opposite said groove to clamp said tube in said groove.

15. A stove having, in combination, a body, lugs on said body having vertically alined apertures, an upwardly extending rod adj ustably clamped in said apertures, and a fuel container having apertured lugs and supported by said rod.

16. A stove having, in combination, a body, lugs on said body having vertically alined apertures, an upwardly extending rod adjustably clamped in said apertures, a fuel container having apertured lugs supported by said rod, a stationary supply conduit associated with said body, and a flexible conduit for conveying fuel from said container to said stationary circuit.

17. In a stove, in combination, a body. a stationary fuel supply conduit, an upwardly supsaid consaid ported for vertical adjustment on standard, and a flexible conduit for veying fuel from said container to stationary conduit.

18. A heater of the character described comprising a casing having two chambers, a passageway connecting said chambers, a burner in one of said chambers, a fuel pipe leading from a fuel reservoir in the other of said chambers and supported in said passageway, said burner being supported by said pipe and adapted to receive fuel therefrom.

19. A heater of the character described comprising a casing having a combustion chamber arranged to receive air at its lower end and to exhaust at its upper end, a fuel supply tank, a supply duct leading from said tank laterally into said chamber at the lower end thereof arranged in operation to be supported in said casing, and a burner receiving fuel from said duct and supported thereby.

20. A heater of the character described comprising a casing having a combustion chamber arranged to receive air at its lower end and having an outlet at its upper end, a cover for the upper end of said chamber, a burner in said chamber, fuel supply means including a pipe supported in said casing and extending laterally into said chamber and adapted to support said burner, and a bafiie in said casing adjacent said cover.

21. A heater comprising a unitary casing adapted for immersion in a fluid to heat the same having inlet and exhaust openings,

at or above the level of said fluid, a combustion chamber in said casing receiving air through a passageway at the lower end and exhausting at'its upper end, a fuel pipe having connection with a fuel reservoir supported by said casing and extending through said passageway laterally into said chamber, and a burner in said chamber carried by said pipe and receiving fuel therefrom.

22. A heater comprising a unitary casing adapted for immersion in a fluid to heat the same having inlet and exhaust openings disposed at or above the level of said fluid, a combustion chamber in said casing receiving air at the lower end and exhausting at the upper end, a cover for the upper end of said chamber, a baflie supported in said cas ing adjacent said cover adapted to retard the circulation of gases through said com- GUSTAF DAVID SUNDSTRAND. 

